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Objective To study the correlation between the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) measurements and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), Katafuchi scores in IgA nephropathy. Methods Thirty-five patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN group) and twenty healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled in this study. All of the subjects underwent bilateral renal DWI measurements with 3.0T MRI scanner. The values of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of renal cortex and medulla were measured. GFR of IgAN group was detected with 99Tcm-DTPA scintigraphy. Based on the Lee classification and the Katafuchi score system, the pathological grading was carried out in patients of IgAN group. The ADC values were compared between control group and different grades of IgAN group. The correlations between ADC and GFR values were analysed in defferent groups. The correlations between ADC values and Katafuchi scores were analysed in IgAN group. Results The renal cortical ADC values were significantly higher than medulla ADC values in both control group and IgAN group (P 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the renal cortical and medulla ADC values and the GFR values in IgAN group (P medulla ADC values and the Katafuchi scores in IgAN group (P<0.05). Conclusion The diffusion-weighted imaging can reflect the physiological functions of kidney. It was feasible for application DWI in IgA nephropathy, which can be used for assessing the renal filtration function and the pathological damage. However, DWI measurement is not sensitive to early renal disease.
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Objective To study the effects of erythropoietin (rhEPO) in high glucose induced proliferation and apopto?sis of human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells, and the possible mechanism thereof. Methods HK-2 cells cultured in vitro were divided into several groups randomly:blank control group, high glucose group, mannitol group, rhEPO control group, different concentrations of rhEPO treatment groups (5, 10, 20 U/mL) and Rho kinase group. The reverse tran?scription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the mRNA levels of RhoA and ROCK after 24 hours. Tetrazolium salt method (MTT) was used to determine the cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results Compared with blank control group the expression levels of RhoA and ROCK1 mRNA were significantly in?creased in high glucose group (P < 0.05). RhoA, ROCK1 mRNA expressions significantly decreased in rhEPO group than those of high glucose group (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of RhoA mRNA and ROCK1 mRNA in high glucose group and rhEPO group. MTT method showed that rhEPO significantly promoted the prolifer?ation of HK-2 cells (P<0.05). Flow cytometry analysis showed that high glucose induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells, which was significantly inhibited in rhEPO group and Rho kinase group as compared to that of high glucose group in a concentra?tion dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion rhEPO can promote HK-2 cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis, which may be related to RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.
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Objective The core mechanism of renal insterstitial fibrosis (RIF) is epithelial-mesenchymal transition.This study aimed to investigate the effect of erythropoietin on high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) of normal hu-man kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and its possible mechanism. Mothods HK-2 cells cultured in vitro were ran-domly divided into a blank control group , a high glucose induction group , a mannitol induction group , an EPO induction group , an EPO (5, 10, and 20U/mL) inhibition group, and an Rho kinase inhibitor group.After 24 hours of intervention, the mRNA levels of RhoA and ROCK were determined by RT-PCR, those of E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) proteins detected by immu-nofluorescence staining , and the expression of FN proteins in the supernatant measured by ELISA . Results Compared with the blank control group , the expressions of RhoA and ROCK 1 mRNA were significantly increased in the high glucose induction group (0.945 ±0.132 vs 1.400 ±0.022, 1.007 ±0.002 vs 1.913 ±0.011, P<0.05), but markedly decreased in the 5, 10, and 20U/mL EPO inhibition groups (1.400 ±0.022 vs 1.278 ±0.006, 1.400 ±0.022 vs 0.770 ±0.005, 1.400 ±0.022 vs 0.334 ±0.009, P<0.006) in comparison with the high glucose induction group , and the effects were related to the concentration of EPO .Compared with the blank control, the expression of E-cadherin protein was increased in the high glucose induction group (0.644 ±0.006 vs 0.107 ± 0.004, P<0.05), but remarkably decreased in the 5, 10, and 20 U/mL EPO inhibition groups (0.236 ±0.006, 0.433 ±0.010, 0.521 ±0.010) in comparison with the high glucose induction group (P<0.05), and the effects were also related to the concentration of EPO.Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the mRNA expressions of RhoA and ROCK 1 in the high glu-cose induction and EPO inhibition groups . Conclusion EPO can inhibit high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of normal human kidney HK-2 cells and thus delay renal fibrosis , which mignt be related to the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway .
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of mutation in the locus 306 of embB gene in multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and evaluate the prospects for using it as a molecular marker to detect MDR-TB.Methods The 291 strains enrolled in this study were from the reference laboratory of Shanghai municipal centers for disease control and prevention, all of which had been tested for drug susceptibility.Mutation in embB 306 was screened both by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and DNA sequencing.The mutation frequencies of embB 306 in the sample groups varied in drug resistance were statistically analyzed.Results 38(51.4% ) of the 74 MDR-TB were embB 306-mutant (X2 =93.8,P＜0.01).Of the 24 TB resistant to at least two drugs but not MDR, 9(37.5% ) were embB 306 mutant (X2 =60.1 ,P＜0.01 ).But only two(4.9% ) embB 306-mutant strains were found in 41 strains resistant to only one drug (X2 =6.8,P=0.0093).None embB 306-mutant strains were found in 152 pansensitive strains.The specificity of using embB 306 as a molecular marker for detecting multi-drug resistant TB was 94.9% (206/217).Conclusions As a molecular marker for screening drug resistant TB,especially MDR-TB, the gene locus embB 306 shows a relatively high sensitivity and specificity, promising a sound future for its application in clinics to realize fast screening of patients infected with MDR-TB and to provide evidence for appropriate medication.
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Objective To discuss the effect of family nursing intervention on the life quality and pulmary function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods We divided 72 patients with COPD into the test group and the control group with 36 cases in each group.The two groups received routine treatment and nursing but additional family intervention was given to the patients and fam-ily members in the test group.The life quality and pulmonary function after intervention in the two groups were appraised in the two groups. Results The evaluation of life quality and pulmonary function were alleviated after intervention compared with those before intervention (P ＜ 0.05).But the above items in the control group were not significantly improved (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions Effective family intervention could improve the life quality and pulmonary function of patients with COPD.
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60%(lot number 20040828, Jiahui, Shanghai, China).METHODS:Rabbit autologous BMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro.At the third passage, BMSCs at 2?1010/L were combined on 3 cm?2 cm gelatin sponge.Each gelatin sponge contained 60 ?L cell suspension, placed in a cell incubator for 4 hours for further use.In each group, rabbit models of steroid-associated femoral head necrosis were established by liquid nitrogen frozen method.After natural rewarming, a hole was drilled.Rabbits in the model control group were left intact.Rabbits in the decompression group were implanted with gelatin sponge.Rabbits of the BMSC transplantation and theaflavin + BMSC transplantation groups were implanted with gelatin sponge with rabbit autologous BMSCs, and perfused with 250 mg theaflavin three time every day till death.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The following parameters were measured:general conditions of animals;signal changes in the femoral head necrosis region were observed in the hip by magnetic resonance imaging scanning.Histology of femoral head samples was observed.Results of scanning electron microscope observation.RESULTS:After 8 weeks, rabbits became more active than before treatment, and walking way became normal gradually in the BMSC transplantation, theaflavin + BMSC transplantation groups.Four weeks after model induction, magnetic resonance imaging signal region of all groups had no obvious changes, but 8 weeks later, the necrosis signal region of the model control group magnified while it reduced obviously in the decompression group.Low signal region range became slightly small in the cell transplantation group.The low signal region range became significantly small in the theaflavin + BMSC transplantation group, and bone density signal was nearly normal.Compared with other three groups, positive number of empty lacunae significantly reduced in the theaflavin + BMSC transplantation group at 4 and 8 weeks following model induction(P